Instalasi LEMP (Nginx, MariaDB, PHP & phpMyAdmin) di Ubuntu 14.04

Berikut ini adalah langkah-langkah yang biasa saya lakukan ketika instalasi LEMP di Ubuntu 14.04, bagi Anda yang mempunyai kebutuhan yang sama bisa mengikuti langkah-langkah berikut ini :

Langkah pertama : install Nginx

Install Nginx dengan perintah :

sudo apt-get install nginx

Nyalakan service Nginx dengan perintah :

sudo service nginx start

Buka browser dan buka halaman http://localhost jika instalasi dilakukan dengan benar, maka akan muncul pesan pembuka Welcome to Nginx!

Langkah kedua : lakukan pengaturan dan optimasi Nginx

Buka file konfigurasi Nginx dengan memasukkan perintah di terminal :

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Kemudian rubah dan tambahkan bagian ini :

worker_processes auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 100000;
worker_connections 4000;
use epoll;
multi_accept on;
open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s;
open_file_cache_valid 30s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
open_file_cache_errors on;
server_tokens off;
limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=conn_limit_per_ip:10m;
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=req_limit_per_ip:10m rate=5r/s;
server {
    limit_conn conn_limit_per_ip 10;
    limit_req zone=req_limit_per_ip burst=10 nodelay;
}
client_body_buffer_size  128k;
client_header_buffer_size 3m;
large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;
client_body_timeout   3m;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_max_body_size 1000M;
access_log off;
gzip on;
# gzip_static on;
gzip_min_length 10240;
gzip_comp_level 1;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_disable msie6;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types
        # text/html is always compressed by HttpGzipModule
        text/css
        text/javascript
        text/xml
        text/plain
        text/x-component
        application/javascript
        application/x-javascript
        application/json
        application/xml
        application/rss+xml
        application/atom+xml
        font/truetype
        font/opentype
        application/vnd.ms-fontobject
        image/svg+xml;
reset_timedout_connection on;
send_timeout 2;
keepalive_timeout 30;
keepalive_requests 100000;

Kemudian restart Nginx dengan perintah :

sudo service nginx restart

Buka file konfigurasi default vhost (server block) dengan memasukkan perintah di terminal :

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

Kemudian rubah dan tambahkan bagian ini :

server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html index.htm;
        # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
        server_name localhost;
        location / {
                # First attempt to serve request as file, then
                # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
                # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
                # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
                root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
                index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location ~* .(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
                expires 365d;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        #       # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
        #
        #       # With php5-cgi alone:
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        #       # With php5-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }
}

Langkah ketiga : lakukan test error konfigurasi Nginx

sudo nginx -t

Jika pengaturan Anda benar maka akan didapat sample output seperti ini :

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful 

Kemudian restart Nginx dengan perintah :

sudo service nginx restart

Langkah keempat : install MariaDB

Install MariaDB dengan perintah :

sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Kemudian masukkan password Anda untuk MariaDB dan setelah installasi selesai, silahkan lakukan pengecekan dengan perintah :

sudo mysql -v -u root -p 

Langkah kelima : lakukan optimasi MariaDB

Masukkan perintah :

sudo mysql -u root -p 

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'have_query_cache';
+------------------+-------+
| Variable_name    | Value |
+------------------+-------+
| have_query_cache | YES   |
+------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'query%';
+------------------------------+-----------+
| Variable_name                | Value     |
+------------------------------+-----------+
| query_alloc_block_size       | 8192      |
| query_cache_limit            | 4194304   |
| query_cache_min_res_unit     | 4096      |
| query_cache_size             | 268435456 |
| query_cache_strip_comments   | OFF       |
| query_cache_type             | ON        |
| query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF       |
| query_prealloc_size          | 8192      |
+------------------------------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SET GLOBAL query_cache_size = 268435456;
SET GLOBAL query_cache_limit = 4194304;
SET GLOBAL query_cache_type = 1;

Kemudian rubah/tambahkan bagian /etc/mysql/my.cnf

query_cache_size = 268435456
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_limit=4194304

Restart MariaDB dengan perintah

service mariadb restart